DEXA body composition results explained in plain terms.

DEXA scans measure bone density, lean mass, and body fat distribution and are generally more precise than skinfold or BIA methods. Results remain sensitive to machine calibration, timing, clothing and hydration.

DEXA (Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry) provides a low-dose X-ray breakdown of bone density, lean mass, and body fat distribution. Once used mainly in clinical settings, the test is now available in fitness and wellness centers. Experts describe DEXA as more precise than skinfold calipers or BIA scales and useful for detailed regional measurements. Interpreting the scan requires attention to what each metric represents and how measurements were taken. Key measurements and limits: - Total body fat percentage: the share of body weight that is fat. - Regional fat and lean mass: separate values for arms, legs and trunk that show distribution and imbalances. - Visceral adipose tissue (VAT): fat near internal organs, noted as a higher metabolic risk factor. - Android-to-gynoid (A/G) ratio: comparison of belly fat versus hip/thigh fat used to assess metabolic risk. - Bone mineral density (BMD): a measure of skeletal strength included in many composition scans. - Precision and variability: repeat-scan precision is reported at about ±0.8–1% body fat for most scanners; results can shift with different machine calibrations, operator positioning, hydration, clothing or time of day. Summary: DEXA offers detailed and relatively precise body composition data when scans are performed consistently. Reported guidance in the article notes spacing scans by clinical risk—examples include every two years for higher bone-loss risk, three to five years for moderate risk, and 10 to 15 years for low risk—while some people tracking active changes may use more frequent scans such as quarterly.