Invisible particulate pollution in the Balkans prompts experts' warning

A study found winter PM2.5 levels in parts of the Balkans among the highest in Europe, often exceeding Beijing, and the article notes more than 3,000 premature deaths per year in Bosnia and Herzegovina linked to fine particle pollution.

A recent study found very high winter levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in parts of the Balkans. Researchers measured pollution by driving around Sarajevo in a van fitted with specialized sensors. They reported that residential burning of wood and coal for home heating was a prominent source of pollution. Aging vehicles and restaurant cooking in the city centre were also identified as contributors. Key findings: - Winter PM2.5 in the Balkans was reported as among the highest in Europe and often exceeded levels measured in Beijing. - Residential use of solid fuels such as wood and coal for heating was cited as a major local source of particle pollution. - Aging vehicles and cooking emissions in urban centres were noted as additional contributors. - The article cites a 2019 World Bank estimate that more than 3,000 premature deaths occur each year in Bosnia and Herzegovina due to fine particle pollution, and a 2019 State of Global Air estimate that PM2.5 contributed to about 4.14 million deaths globally that year. Summary: The findings underline persistent air quality challenges in parts of the Balkans and a substantial health burden from fine particles. Some governments are implementing policies such as low-emission zones and stricter vehicle standards, and the wider effects of such measures are undetermined at this time.